[ Abstract ]
From the observance of the HSS team in 1998, they gained the mass density of the negative( ΩM = -0.38( ± 0.22)), using field equations which do not have the cosmological constant.
The quantity of the mass couldn't be negative value in they thought, the value is trashed away.
We have to know that not the field equation has disposed the value, but our thought disposed that value.
In the world of positive mass, ground state is a point that energy is low, but in case of negative mass, ground state is a point that energy is the highest.
Accordingly, in the world of negative mass, energy level is filled from the highest to the lowest, and stable state means the highest energy state, so the catastrophe to energy level of minus infinity never happens even if negative mass spontaneously emits energy.
Assuming that negative mass exists, Newton's Law of motion was derived in between negative and positive masses and also between negative and negative masses.
As a method for proving the existence of negative mass, an explanation on the revolution velocity of the galaxy through negative mass has been presented. In this process, the existence of spherical mass distribution was given; furthermore, explanation was done using this, to show observation results where dark matter effect through negative mass is proportional to distance r.
If Ω_M is -0.38, universe's age is 14.225 Gyr. It is in the range estimated by other observations.
Assuming that negative mass and positive mass were born together at the beginning of universe, it satisfies the various problems that previous dark matter and dark energy possess, such as,
[ Dark matter ]
- Centripetal force effects of galaxy and galaxy clusters from previous dark matters,
- Mass effects that is proportional to the distance r,
- Low interaction between dark matter when collision occurs between dark matter.
[ Dark energy ]
: Repulsive force needed for expansion, dark energy that has positive values
[ Fine tuning problem of mass density ]
: The reason of that mass density close to the critical mass density.
[ Cosmological Constant Problem ]
- The reason of that dark energy seems to has a small and non-zero value.
- Phase transition problem of dark energy(Inflation energy and Cosmological constant)
[ Others ]
- Collision of Bullet cluster,
- Deceleration expansion and acceleration expansion of universe,
- Age of the universe with negative mass density
- Size of the universe
[ Proof of that observed dark energy value ]
: Dark energy observation value (10^(-47)GeV^4)
As a result, the necessity of observation focusing on exact computation and detection of negative mass is stated.
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Hypothesis of Dark Matter and Dark Energy with Negative Mass :
http://vixra.org/pdf/0907.0015v8.pdf
