The Nature of Space and Time [VHS]
July 18, 2010 by Dyau
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The Nature of Space and Time [VHS]
Einstein said that the most incomprehensible thing about the universe is that it is comprehensible. But was he right? Can the quantum theory of fields and Einstein’s general theory of relativity, the two most accurate and successful theories in all of physics, be united in a single quantum theory of gravity? Can quantum and cosmos ever be combined? On this issue, two of the world’s most famous physicists–Stephen Hawking (A Brief History of Time) and Roger Penrose (The Emperor’s New Mind and Sha
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Review by Charles Ashbacher for The Nature of Space and Time [VHS]
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The current understanding of the physical structure of the universe is bipolar. There is Einstein’s theory of relativity, which explains the macroscopic behavior of the universe to many places to the right of the decimal point. At the other end of the size spectrum, there is the quantum theory of fields, which explains the observed behavior of fundamental particles to many places to the right of the decimal point. Although one should always be very reluctant to state such a position, the resolution of this bipolar state into a unified one may be the last, great discovery of physics.
The purpose of this book is to present a debate between Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose concerning the possibility of the issue being resolved, and in what manner. It is a series of six short lectures, three from each man and ends with a brief debate between them. These lectures are not for the general audience, as each lecturer assumes a fundamental understanding of general relativity and quantum theory. Nevertheless, there is a great deal of explanation, including diagrams, in the lectures. Therefore, it is possible to understand the material if you have a basic understanding of the two main topics. Without that, don’t bother opening the book.
Of course, the issue is not resolved, as that must wait for a later date. It is interesting that Hawking tends to emphasize the points of difference, while Penrose goes to some length to describe how similar their positions are. Penrose continues with the position of Albert Einstein, in that he argues that quantum mechanics is not a final theory, but only the “gross” appearance of much subtler events. Hawking believes otherwise, arguing that the probabilistic features of quantum mechanics is the way nature does things, and there is no underlying mechanism yet to be discovered that will remove them.
The arguments are strong, yet unconvincing. Not due to their lack of power, but because they are made by two equally strong and forceful personalities. When two such powers collide, there is rarely resolution. Nevertheless, the debate sheds a great deal of light on the current state of thinking in physics, and points out some ways in which it may be resolved.
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Review by Bryan Erickson for The Nature of Space and Time [VHS]
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This was an early attempt to capitalize on Hawking’s commercial success with the Brief History. Roger Penrose, Hawking’s PhD advisor, has also written some really fascinating books for lay readers on philosophical implications of physics such as on the nature of intelligence. However, combining the two in a debate, the form of this book, cancels out the reader-friendly accessibility of their solo works as their egos take charge and they try to outperform each other. It makes sense after the fact that if they’re debating, they must be discussing matters on which they disagree, and since physics is so well settled and understood on all but the most esoteric and advanced questions, the subject matter of their disagreements must lie in that advanced realm. Of course, “advanced” is a vastly relative term to apply to physics, since many ordinary readers would balk at any physics material. But I have a degree in physics, albeit only a BS – and after the initial material I have to struggle to follow anything they’re saying! They should stamp this book’s cover with a caveat emptor; this is no “Brief History of Time” or “Elegant Universe.” They even mention at the outset that they assume the reader has a basic understanding of physics, but these guys’ idea of a basic understanding is a Ph.D. specializing in general relativity. Having said all that, the book still makes for heady reading from what I could pick up here and there, so it’s a thrill if you’re up to it.
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Review by D. Harp for The Nature of Space and Time [VHS]
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In spite of the errors mentioned in another review the discussion was fairly interesting but not as great a “debate” as I anticipated. I’d spend my money on Penrose’s “The Emporer’s New Mind” before this one. For those interested in Black Holes, Kip Thorne’s “Black Holes and Time Warps …” is exceptionally well written and rewarding for the reader. For the technically [mathematically] apt who wants an fascinating treatice on spacetime, try John Wheeler and Ignazio Ciufolini’s book on Geometrodynamics (Princeton Univ. Press).
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Review by Bill J. Grossman for The Nature of Space and Time [VHS]
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If you liked “The Road to reality” and have an understanding of the Mathmatics of Quantum Physics and Relativity then you will enjoy this book. Otherwise don’t bother.
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Review by Peidyen for The Nature of Space and Time [VHS]
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I found this to be a fascinating overview of some of the major issues in cosmology from both Hawking and Penroses point of view. What is amazing is the actual level of agreement between the two. Perhaps only the real physicists appreciate the nuances of their differences of opinion.
I would recommend this book for anyone who’s gone to the trouble of picking up a basic understanding of relativity ( special and/or general ).
The math is not terrbily daunting in most places and you get a real overview for the big picture of the state of relativity and quantum gravity.
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